如今,免疫治療和靶向治療已經(jīng)成為多種晚期實體瘤的首選治療方法。然而,隨著疾病的進展,需要實時監(jiān)測治療效果[1]。近年來,液體活檢的廣泛應(yīng)用揭示了治療過程中循環(huán)腫瘤DNA(ctDNA)的動態(tài)變化與治療反應(yīng)密切相關(guān),并且相比影像學(xué),ctDNA能夠更早地識別治療反應(yīng)者[2,3]。
國內(nèi)的專家學(xué)者在ctDNA高通量測序臨床實踐專家共識[4]中提出:
·ctDNA NGS 檢測已被國內(nèi)外專家共識或指南建議作為多種晚期惡性腫瘤組織基因檢測的替代方式。
YunYing 允英出品
☆☆ 639動態(tài)監(jiān)測 ☆☆
639動態(tài)監(jiān)測 → 臨床意義----評估靶向/免疫治療療效
? 免疫檢查點抑制劑療效評估:與組織學(xué)檢測相比,ctDNA檢測具有無創(chuàng)或微創(chuàng),可反復(fù)取材,收集、同時能克服腫瘤空間異質(zhì)性,可相對全面地實時反映患者的腫瘤分子特征等。
2021年,國際肺癌研究協(xié)會共識(IASLC)指出[10],ctDNA可作為初診NSCLC患者基因分型的有效工具,也可作為診斷生物標志物評估和監(jiān)測靶向治療療效的首選策略(其中血漿優(yōu)先)。同時有研究顯示[11],在轉(zhuǎn)移性NSCLC中,ctDNA檢測較僅采用組織活檢的患者可增加48%的檢出率。
獲得性耐藥是影響腫瘤精準治療療效的重要因素,也是抗腫瘤藥物臨床應(yīng)用全程管理面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)。例如在肺癌中:
·接受一代/二代EGFR-TKI藥物治療的晚期NSCLC患者發(fā)生耐藥后,若檢出T790M突變則可以換用奧希替尼進行治療。對伴有EGFR突變的肺腺癌患者進行ctDNA動態(tài)監(jiān)測,可對腫瘤的克隆演化進行早期評估,并可能在耐藥相關(guān)臨床表現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)之前開始針對性的干預(yù)。1、Yang Ching-Yao,Yang James Chih-Hsin,Yang Pan-Chyr,Precision Management of Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.[J] .Annu Rev Med, 2020, 71: 117-136.
2、Jia Qingzhu,Chiu Luting,Wu Shuangxiu et al. Tracking Neoantigens by Personalized Circulating Tumor DNA Sequencing during Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.[J] .Adv Sci (Weinh), 2020, 7: 1903410.
3、Zhang Qu,Luo Jia,Wu Song et al. Prognostic and Predictive Impact of Circulating Tumor DNA in Patients with Advanced Cancers Treated with Immune Checkpoint Blockade.[J] .Cancer Discov, 2020, 10: 1842-1853.
4、ctDNA高通量測序臨床實踐專家共識(2022年版)
5、Eroglu Z, Krinshpun S, Kalashnikova E, et al. Circulating tumor DNA-based molecular residual disease detection for treatment monitoring in advanced melanoma patients [published online ahead of print, 2023 Mar 4]. Cancer. 2023;10.1002/cncr.34716.
6、Ren S , Chen J , Xu X ,et al.Camrelizumab plus carboplatin and paclitaxel as first-line treatment for advanced squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (CameL-sq): a phase 3 trial[J]. 2021.
7、Lee Jenny H,Long Georgina V,Menzies Alexander M et al. Association Between Circulating Tumor DNA and Pseudoprogression in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma Treated With Anti-Programmed Cell Death 1 Antibodies.[J] .JAMA Oncol, 2018, 4: 717-721.
8、Ma Shenglin,Shi Meiqi,Chen Xueqin et al. The prognostic value of longitudinal circulating tumor DNA profiling during osimertinib treatment.[J] .Transl Lung Cancer Res, 2021, 10: 326-339.
9、Mack Philip C,Miao Jieling,Redman Mary W et al. Circulating Tumor DNA Kinetics Predict Progression-Free and Overall Survival in EGFR TKI-Treated Patients with EGFR-Mutant NSCLC (SWOG S1403).[J] .Clin Cancer Res, 2022, 28: 3752-3760.
10、Rolfo Christian,Mack Philip,Scagliotti Giorgio V et al. Liquid Biopsy for Advanced NSCLC: A Consensus Statement From the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer.[J] .J Thorac Oncol, 2021, 16: 1647-1662.
11、Leighl Natasha B,Page Ray D,Raymond Victoria M et al. Clinical Utility of Comprehensive Cell-free DNA Analysis to Identify Genomic Biomarkers in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.[J] .Clin Cancer Res, 2019, 25: 4691-4700.
12、Li Dan,Liu Jiayin,Zhang Xue et al. ROS1 Combined Lorlatinib, Dabrafenib, and Trametinib Treatment for -Rearranged Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with a Lorlatinib-Induced V600E Mutation: A Case Report.[J] .Cancer Manag Res, 2022, 14: 3175-3179.
13、Hellmann Matthew D,Nabet Barzin Y,Rizvi Hira et al. Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis to Assess Risk of Progression after Long-term Response to PD-(L)1 Blockade in NSCLC.[J] .Clin Cancer Res, 2020, 26: 2849-2858.
14、2021.ESMO.1740P
允英醫(yī)療成立至今,順利通過由國家衛(wèi)健委臨檢中心、國家病理質(zhì)控中心、美國病理學(xué)會等機構(gòu)組織的室間質(zhì)評。檢驗?zāi)芰Λ@得了美國病理學(xué)會PT認證,腫瘤核心基因檢測試劑盒通過歐盟CE認證,獲得國家藥品監(jiān)督管理局(NMPA)注冊批準,且生產(chǎn)管理質(zhì)量體系獲國際ISO13485認證。目前允英已累計為近三十萬例腫瘤患者提供精準檢測服務(wù),為國內(nèi)腫瘤精準醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域開拓者。同時允英秉承“嚴謹、高效”的理念,堅守分子診斷技術(shù)創(chuàng)新與應(yīng)用探索,為腫瘤精準醫(yī)療與伴隨診斷領(lǐng)域的茁壯發(fā)展貢獻力量。